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التصنيف: antineoplastic
المادة الفعالة: fluorouracil

Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent belonging to the fluoropyrimidine class. It acts primarily by inhibiting the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which is essential for DNA synthesis. After intracellular conversion to active metabolites (FdUMP, FUTP), it interferes with both DNA and RNA synthesis, leading to inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The drug mainly affects rapidly dividing cells. Clinically, fluorouracil is used in the treatment of colorectal, breast, gastric, pancreatic, and head and neck cancers, often as part of combination chemotherapy regimens.